Bidirectional Visitor Counter

Introduction:

Many times we need to monitor the person/people visiting some place like Seminar hall, conference room or Shopping mall or temple. This project can be used to count and display the number of visitors entering inside any conference room or seminar hall. This is a bidirectional counter which means it works in a two way. That means counter will be incremented if person enters the room and will be decremented if a person leaves the room. LCD displays this value which is placed outside the room.

This system is helpful for counting the number of people in an auditorium or halls for seminar to avoid congestion. Moreover it can also be used to check the number of people who have come to an event or a museum to watch a certain exhibit. Microcontroller is a reliable circuit that takes over the task of counting the number of persons/ visitors in the room very accurately. We will be showing bothe In count i.e. number of people entering the room and Out count i.e. number of people exiting the room on a 16x2 Alphanumeric LCD. An IR sensor is used to monitor the person entering and exiting the room.

The microcontroller does the above job. It receives the signals from the sensors, and this signal is operated under the control of software which is stored in ROM. Microcontroller 89s52 continuously monitor the Infrared Receivers. When any object pass through the IR Receiver's then the IR Rays falling on the receiver are obstructed, this obstruction is sensed by the Microcontroller.

Block Diagram:

Infra red sensors are a type of light sensors they function in the infra red part of the frequency spectrum. IR sensors are active sensors they consist of an emitter and a Receiver. When the beam is cut the controller then accordingly comes to know if the person is entering or exiting and then accordingly increments or decrements the count which is then displayed on the 16 x 2 Alphanumeric LCD.

Hardware Requirement:

1. Microcontroller 89s52
2. LCD: 16x2 Alphanumeric Display
3. IR Sensors

Software Requirement:

1. Keil Software as Compiler.
2. Proteus for Circuit Designing
3. Protel for PCB Designing.

APPLICATION:

1. Offices.
2. Public Places
3. Restrooms at railway stations.

Advantages:

1. No need of human intervention.
2. Can work 24x7 without any problem.
3. Low cost and very easy to implement.

Disadvantages:

1. If there are multiple doors for the same room the project becomes quite complex.
2. IR sensor cannot detect if lots of people are entering at one time.

Future Scope:

1. Lights can be turned ON/OFF according to the number of people in the room.
2. We can check the ambient light intensity and then decide if the light needs to be turned ON or not.
3. Metal detector can be added for security reasons.

Text Books:

1. Muhammad Ali Mazidi –“THE 8051 MICROCONTROLLER AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS”, Pearson education,
2. Ayala- “INTRODUCTION TO 8051 MICROCONTROLLER”

Website:

1. www.howstuffworks.com
2. www.instructables.com/id/Cellphone-operated-Robot/
3. www.dnatechindia.com
4. www.answers.com

Magazines:

1. Electronics for you
2. Electrikindia